Verteporfin is a porphyrin derivative present in a 1:1 ratio of regioisomers. As a photosensitizing agent, verterporfin is used as part of photodynamic therapy (PDT). Photodynamic therapy is a two-stage process requiring administration of the drug photosensitizer followed by an activating light source. With verteporfin, a nonthermal red light (689 nm wavelength laser light) is utilized. Verteporfin PDT is used as a selective treatment for choroidal neovasularization (CNV) associated with macular degeneration. The verteporfin procedure helps prevent progression of the disease and preserve a patient's vision. In comparison to conventional laser photocoagulation therapy, verteporfin PDT offers the advantage of selective tissue injury due to localization of verteporfin in the CNV complex and decreased retinal injury due to the use of a non-thermal light source. A report of two randomized controlled trials of verteporfin PDT in patients with CNV in age-related macular degeneration showed that 61% of eyes assigned to verteporfin compared with 46% of eyes assigned to placebo maintained baseline visual acuity. In subgroup analysis, verteporfin efficacy was demonstrated when the area of CNV occupied >= 50% of the entire lesion, especially when there was no occult CNV. Verteporfin is being studied for the treatment of CNV due to other causes including angioid streaks or idiopathic causes. Verteporfin is also under investigation for the treatment of skin cancer, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis. In April 2000, the FDA approved verteporfin for the treatment of CNV in patients with the wet form of age-related macular degeneration. The FDA approved verteporfin treatment of CNV associated with macular degeneration due to pathologic myopia or ocular histoplasmosis in September 2001.
General Administration Information
For storage information, see the specific product information within the How Supplied section.
Route-Specific Administration
Injectable Administration
-Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin should be administered under the supervision of a trained medical provider.
-Administration of PDT with verteporfin is a 2-step process, first is intravenous administration of verteporfin and second is photoactivation by laser light 15 minutes after the start of the 10-minute verteporfin infusion.
-Consult manufacturer information for details relating to lesion size determination and spot size determination. Light dose, light intensity, ophthalmic lens magnification factor, and zoom lens setting are important parameters for the appropriate delivery of light to the predetermined treatment spot. Follow the laser systems manual for procedure set up and operation.
-Visually inspect parenteral products for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration whenever solution and container permit.
-Avoid contact with the eyes and skin during the preparation and administration process. Due to the potential of inducing photosensitivity reactions, any exposed person must be protected from bright light.
-The use of an opaque covering of the syringe and tubing during administration may decrease the photoactivation of verteporfin.
Intravenous Administration
Reconstitution:
-The use of rubber gloves and eye protection is recommended to prevent accidental exposure of health care professionals.
-Reconstitute the 15 mg vial with 7 mL Sterile Water for Injection to provide 7.5 mL solution with a final concentration of 2 mg/mL verteporfin. The reconstituted solution is an opaque dark green solution.
-The reconstituted solution must be protected from light and used within 4 hours.
Dilution:
-Withdraw the appropriate volume of verteporfin and dilute in 5% Dextrose for Injection to a total infusion volume of 30 mL. DO NOT mix in the same solution with other medications.
-The diluted solution must be protected from light and used within 4 hours.
Intravenous infusion:
-Infuse over 10 minutes at a rate of 3 mL/min using an in-line filter and syringe pump.
-Precautions should be taken to avoid extravasation of verteporfin. If extravasation occurs, protect the extravasated site from light.
-The use of an opaque covering of the syringe and tubing during administration may decrease the photoactivation of verteporfin.
Chest pain (unspecified), musculoskeletal pain, and anaphylactic or anaphylactoid reactions have been reported either at low incidence (less than 1%) during clinical trials or during postmarketing use of verteprofin in clinical practice. Severe chest pain has also been reported during verteporfin therapy. Vaso-vagal and hypersensitivity reactions have also been reported and, on rare occasions, can be severe. These reactions may include syncope, diaphoresis, dizziness, rash, dyspnea, flushing and changes in blood pressure and heart rate. General symptoms can include headache, malaise, urticaria, and pruritus.
The most frequently reported adverse events reported in approximately 10% to 30% of verteprofin-treated patients are injection site reaction (including pain, edema, inflammation, extravasation, rash, hemorrhage, and skin discoloration) and visual disturbances (including blurred vision, flashes of light, decreased visual acuity and visual field defects, including scotomata). Extravasation of verteprofin can cause severe pain, inflammation, swelling, skin discoloration, and localized skin necrosis (less than 1%) at the injection site. Severe visual impairment, equivalent to a decrease in visual acuity of 4 lines or more on an eye chart within 7 days of treatment, has been reported in 1% to 5% of patients. Partial recovery of vision was observed in many patients. Other ocular events reported in 1% to 10% of patients include blepharitis, diplopia, lacrimation disorder, cataracts, conjunctivitis or conjunctival injection, xerophthalmia, ocular pruritus, and severe vision decrease with or without subretinal/retinal hemorrhage or vitreous hemorrhage. Retinal detachment (nonrhegmatogenous), retinal or choroidal vessel nonperfusion and retinal pigment epithelial tear have occurred either at low incidence (less than 1%) during clinical trials or have been reported during postmarketing use of verteprofin. Overdose of verteporfin or light in the treated eye may result in nonperfusion of normal retinal vessels with the possibility of severe vision loss, which may be permanent.
Photosensitivity reactions occur in the form of skin sunburn following exposure to sunlight. While exposure to sunlight and bright light should be avoided for at least 5 days following verteporfin infusion, patients should not stay in the dark and should be encouraged to expose their skin to ambient indoor light, as this will help inactivate the drug in the skin. Ultraviolet (UV) sunscreens are not effective in protecting against photosensitivity reactions because the photoactivation of residual drug in the skin can be caused by visible light. If exposure to sunlight or bright light can not be avoided, make sure to cover exposed areas. An overdose of verteporfin will increase the period of time the patient remains photosensitive to bright light. In these cases, it is recommended to extend the photosensitivity precautions for a time proportional to the overdose.
The following adverse reactions were reported more frequently with verteporfin therapy than with placebo and occurred in 1% to 10% of patients: albuminuria, creatinine increase, anemia, leukocytosis, leukopenia, asthenia, fever, influenza-like syndrome, atrial fibrillation, hypertension, peripheral vascular disorder, varicose veins, constipation, nausea, eczema, elevated hepatic enzymes, arthralgia, arthrosis, myasthenia, hearing loss or decrease, hypoesthesia, sleep disorder, vertigo, cough, pharyngitis, pneumonia, and prostatic disorder.
As a class photosensitizing agents, have been reported to cause clastogenesis including DNA strand breaks, alkali-labile sites, DNA degradation, and DNA-protein crosslinks that may result in chromosomal aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges and mutations. Verteporfin has not been evaluated in any in vitro systems, and it is not known how the potential for DNA damage with photosensitizing agents translates into human risk. The manufacturer reports an increased incidence of gastrointestinal cancers (1% to 10%) with verteporfin therapy as compared to placebo.
Infusion-related pain, primarily presenting as back pain was reported more frequently with verteporfin therapy than with placebo therapy and occurred in 1% to 10% of patients.
Patients who experience a severe decrease in visual acuity within one week of therapy should not be retreated until their vision returns to pretreatment levels. The treating physician should carefully consider the potential benefits and risks of subsequent verteporfin treatment in these patients.
Use of incompatible lasers that do not provide the required characteristics of light for the photoactivation of verteporfin could result in incomplete treatment due to partial photoactivation of verteporfin, overtreatment due to overactivation of verteporfin, or damage to surrounding normal tissue.
Verteporfin is contraindicated in patients with porphyria or hypersensitivity to any of the components of the product. Cases of anaphylactic reactions have been reported with treatment; thus, medical supervision is recommended during the infusion. If an anaphylactic reaction or other serious allergic reaction occurs, discontinue the infusion immediately and initiate appropriate therapy.
Patients should avoid exposure of the skin and eyes to direct sunlight (UV) exposure or bright indoor light (examination lamps, including dental lamps, operating room lamps, sky lights, unshaded light bulbs at close proximity, etc) for 5 days following verteporfin therapy. Patients with conditions associated with skin photosensitivity disorder may be at increased of photosensitivity reactions. During this period, patients should avoid exposure of unprotected skin, eyes, or other body organs to direct sunlight or bright indoor light. If patients must go outdoors in daylight during the first 5 days after treatment, they should protect all parts of their skin and their eyes by wearing protective clothing and dark sunglasses. Ultraviolet (UV) sunscreens do not provide effective protection against photosensitivity reactions because photoactivation of the residual drug in the skin can be caused by visible light. Patients should not stay in the dark and should be encouraged to expose their skin to ambient indoor light, as this will help inactivate the drug in the skin through a process called photobleaching. If emergency surgery is necessary within 48 hours after verteporfin infusion, as much of the internal tissue as possible should be protected from intense light. Dental work done under high power lighting should be avoided for 5 days after verteporfin administration.
Avoid extravasation of verteporfin injection. In the event of extravasation during verteporfin infusion, the infusion should be stopped immediately and cold compresses applied. The extravasation area must be thoroughly protected from direct light until the swelling and discoloration have faded in order to prevent the occurrence of a local burn, which could be severe. Verteprofin extravasation can cause severe pain, inflammation, swelling, and discoloration at the injection site. Localized skin necrosis has also been reported. To avoid extravasation, verteporfin should be administered through a free-flowing IV line and avoid administration through the small veins in the back of the hand. Due to the possible fragility of vein walls of some older patients, it is strongly recommended that the largest arm vein possible, preferable the antecubital vein, be used for intravenous administration.
During preparation and administration, health care professionals should avoid skin and ocular exposure to verteporfin due to the potential for photosensitivity reactions upon exposure to light. The use of rubber gloves and eye protection is recommended to prevent accidental exposure of health care professionals. Contaminated materials should be disposed of in a polyethylene bag in a manner consistent with local regulations. Verteporfin is neither a primary ocular or dermal irritant. However, because of its photosensitizing ability, verteporfin might be an eye or skin irritant in the presence of bright light. Any overexposed person must be protected from bright light.
There is no experience of verteporfin therapy in patients with moderate to severe hepatic disease or impairment. Therefore, the use of verteporfin in these patients is not recommended.
Use of concurrent radiation therapy may enhance the uptake of verteporfin by vascular endothelium.
Although no increase in adverse effects was noted in geriatric patients, a reduced treatment effect is seen with increasing age. Patients >= 75 years and patients with dark irides, occult lesions, or with < 50% classic choroidal neovasularization were less likely to benefit from verteporfin therapy during clinical trials.
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies regarding use of verteporfin in pregnant women. In animal studies, an increased incidence of anophthalmia, microphthalmia, and wavy ribs were observed in the off-spring of rat administered intravenous dose (approximately 40-fold the human exposure at recommended clinical dose) during organogenesis. No adverse fetal effect in rats or rabbits were observed at exposures 6-to 20-fold the human exposure at the recommended clinical dose. Verteporfin should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the risk to the fetus.
Verteporfin and its metabolite are excreted in human milk. The concentration of verteporfin found in human breast milk was 66% of the corresponding plasma concentration following a 6 mg/m2 infusion. Within 24 hours, breast-milk concentrations declined below the limit of quantification (2 ng/mL); however, the metabolite was measurable for up to at least 48 hours. It is unknown what effect this exposure would have on a breast-feeding infant. Because of the potential risk of toxicity to the nursing infant, a decision should be made whether to postpone treatment or withhold breast-feeding. If treatment can not be postponed, withholding breast-feeding for 48 hours following treatment may lessen the exposure and reduce the risk of toxicity in the infant.
The safety and effectiveness of verteporfin in children have not been established.
For the treatment of macular degeneration:
-for the treatment of classic subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV) due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD), pathologic myopia, or presumed ocular histoplasmosis:
Intravenous infusion dosage:
Adults: 6 mg/m2 IV over 10 minutes at a rate of 3 mL/minute. Initiate light delivery (689 nm wavelength laser light) 15 minutes after the start of the infusion (i.e., 5 minutes after the end of the infusion). The photoactivation of verteporfin is controlled by the total light dose delivered. In the treatment of choroidal neovascularization, the recommended light dose of 50 J/cm2 of neovascular lesion is administered at an intensity of 600 mW/cm2. The non-thermal laser is administered over 83 seconds. Re-evaluate the patient after 3 months, and if choroidal neovascular leakage is detected, therapy should be repeated. The safety and efficacy of verteporfin therapy beyond 2 years have not been established. The average number of yearly treatments during clinical trials were: 3.5 in the first year after diagnosis, 2.4 in the second, 1.3 in the third, 0.4 in the fourth, and 0.1 in the fifth year for age-related macular degeneration; 3.5 in the first year after diagnosis, 1.8 in the second, 0.4 in the third, 0.2 in the fourth, and 0.1 in the fifth for pathologic myopia; 2.9 in the first year after diagnosis, 1.2 in the second, 0.2 in the third, and 0.1 in the fourth for presumed ocular histoplasmosis.
-concurrent bilateral treatment:
Intravenous infusion dosage:
Adults: In patients who present the first time with eligible lesions in both eyes without prior verteporfin therapy, it is prudent to only treat the 1 eye with the most aggressive lesion first (e.g., 6 mg/m2 IV with light delivery beginning 15 minutes after the start of the infusion). One week after the first course, if no significant toxicity occurs, the second eye can be treated. Approximately 3 months later, both eyes can be evaluated and concurrent treatment can be done if both lesions still show evidence of leakage. In patients who present with eligible lesions in both eyes, the clinician should evaluate the potential benefits and risks of concurrent treatment. If the patient has already received previous verteporfin therapy in 1 eye with acceptable toxicity, both eyes can be treated concurrently after a single administration of verteporfin. The more aggressive lesion should be treated first, at 15 minutes after the start of the infusion. Immediately at the end of light treatment to the first eye, the laser settings should be adjusted for the second eye, with the same light dose and intensity, and treatment of the second eye should begin no later than 20 minutes from the start of the infusion.
-for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration in patients with predominantly occult subfoveal choroidal neovascularization* and recent presumed disease progression:
NOTE: According to the manufacturer, there are insufficient data to indicate use as a treatment for predominantly occult subfoveal choroidal neovascularization.
Intravenous infusion dosage:
Adults: 6 mg/m2 IV over 10 minutes at a rate of 3 mL/minute with light delivery (689 nm wavelength laser light) beginning 15 minutes after the start of the infusion (i.e., 5 minutes after the end of the infusion). In a phase III trial, patients received an average of 5 treatments during the 24-month study period. The study demonstrated that verteporfin treatment reduced the risk of moderate and severe vision loss at 24 months, especially in cases presenting with either smaller lesions or lower levels of visual acuity at baseline. Of the 123 patients treated with verteporfin and 64 patients treated with placebo, 49% and 75% lost at least 15 letters, respectively, and 21% and 48% lost at least 30 letters, respectively, at the 24-month examination.
For the treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC)*:
Intravenous dosage:
Adults: 3 mg/m2 IV over 8 minutes or 6 mg/m2 IV over 10 minutes followed by photodynamic therapy.
Maximum Dosage Limits:
-Adults
6 mg/m2 IV.
-Elderly
6 mg/m2 IV.
-Adolescents
Safety and efficacy have not been established.
-Children
Safety and efficacy have not been established.
Patients with Hepatic Impairment Dosing
Verteporfin is not recommended for use in patients with moderate to severe hepatic impairment.
Patients with Renal Impairment Dosing
No dosage adjustment is recommended.
*non-FDA-approved indication
Abciximab: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with platelet inhibitors is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Acetaminophen; Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with aspirin is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like aspirin could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Acetaminophen; Aspirin: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with aspirin is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like aspirin could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Acetaminophen; Aspirin; Diphenhydramine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with aspirin is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like aspirin could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Acetaminophen; Ibuprofen: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Acitretin: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with retinoids is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like retinoids may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Adapalene: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with adapalene is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like adapalene may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Adapalene; Benzoyl Peroxide: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with adapalene is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like adapalene may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction. (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with benzoyl peroxide is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like benzoyl peroxide may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Alectinib: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with alectinib is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like alectinib may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Aliskiren; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Alteplase: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thrombolytic agents is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease clotting like thrombolytic agents could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Amiloride; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Aminolevulinic Acid: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin and topical photosensitizing agents is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Amiodarone: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with amiodarone is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like amiodarone may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Amitriptyline: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with tricyclic antidepressants is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like antidepressants may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Amlodipine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcium channel blockers is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use with calcium channel blockers could enhance the rate of verteporfin uptake by the vascular endothelium, resulting in enhanced photosensitivity.
Amlodipine; Atorvastatin: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcium channel blockers is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use with calcium channel blockers could enhance the rate of verteporfin uptake by the vascular endothelium, resulting in enhanced photosensitivity.
Amlodipine; Benazepril: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcium channel blockers is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use with calcium channel blockers could enhance the rate of verteporfin uptake by the vascular endothelium, resulting in enhanced photosensitivity.
Amlodipine; Celecoxib: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcium channel blockers is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use with calcium channel blockers could enhance the rate of verteporfin uptake by the vascular endothelium, resulting in enhanced photosensitivity. (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Amlodipine; Olmesartan: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcium channel blockers is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use with calcium channel blockers could enhance the rate of verteporfin uptake by the vascular endothelium, resulting in enhanced photosensitivity.
Amlodipine; Valsartan: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcium channel blockers is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use with calcium channel blockers could enhance the rate of verteporfin uptake by the vascular endothelium, resulting in enhanced photosensitivity.
Amlodipine; Valsartan; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcium channel blockers is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use with calcium channel blockers could enhance the rate of verteporfin uptake by the vascular endothelium, resulting in enhanced photosensitivity. (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Anagrelide: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with platelet inhibitors is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Anticoagulants: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with anticoagulants is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease clotting could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Antithrombin III: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with anticoagulants is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease clotting could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Apixaban: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with anticoagulants is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease clotting could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Argatroban: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with anticoagulants is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease clotting could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Aspirin, ASA: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with aspirin is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like aspirin could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Aspirin, ASA; Butalbital; Caffeine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with aspirin is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like aspirin could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with aspirin is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like aspirin could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine; Orphenadrine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with aspirin is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like aspirin could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Aspirin, ASA; Carisoprodol; Codeine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with aspirin is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like aspirin could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Aspirin, ASA; Citric Acid; Sodium Bicarbonate: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with aspirin is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like aspirin could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Aspirin, ASA; Dipyridamole: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with aspirin is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like aspirin could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy. (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with platelet inhibitors is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Aspirin, ASA; Omeprazole: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with aspirin is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like aspirin could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Aspirin, ASA; Oxycodone: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with aspirin is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like aspirin could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Atenolol; Chlorthalidone: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Azilsartan; Chlorthalidone: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Benazepril; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Benzoic Acid; Hyoscyamine; Methenamine; Methylene Blue; Phenyl Salicylate: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with methylene blue is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like methylene blue may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Benzoyl Peroxide: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with benzoyl peroxide is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like benzoyl peroxide may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Benzoyl Peroxide; Clindamycin: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with benzoyl peroxide is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like benzoyl peroxide may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Benzoyl Peroxide; Erythromycin: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with benzoyl peroxide is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like benzoyl peroxide may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Benzoyl Peroxide; Sulfur: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with benzoyl peroxide is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like benzoyl peroxide may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Betrixaban: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with anticoagulants is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease clotting could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Bexarotene: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with retinoids is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like retinoids may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Bismuth Subcitrate Potassium; Metronidazole; Tetracycline: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with tetracyclines is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like tetracyclines may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Bismuth Subsalicylate; Metronidazole; Tetracycline: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with tetracyclines is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like tetracyclines may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Bisoprolol; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Bivalirudin: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with anticoagulants is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease clotting could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Bupivacaine; Meloxicam: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Butalbital; Aspirin; Caffeine; Codeine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with aspirin is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like aspirin could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Calcipotriene: (Major) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcipotriene is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like calcipotriene may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Calcipotriene; Betamethasone: (Major) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcipotriene is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like calcipotriene may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Calcitriol: (Major) Limit or avoid the concomitant use of verteporfin with calcitriol ointment. The vehicle of the ointment may enhance the ability of ultraviolet radiation to induce skin tumors. Coadministration of photosensitizing agents such as verteporfin may increase this risk.
Calcium-channel blockers: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcium channel blockers is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use with calcium channel blockers could enhance the rate of verteporfin uptake by the vascular endothelium, resulting in enhanced photosensitivity.
Candesartan; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Captopril; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Carbamazepine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with carbamazepine is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like carbamazepine may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Celecoxib: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Celecoxib; Tramadol: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Chlordiazepoxide; Amitriptyline: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with tricyclic antidepressants is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like antidepressants may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Chlorothiazide: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Chlorpheniramine; Ibuprofen; Pseudoephedrine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Chlorpromazine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with phenothiazines is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like phenothiazines may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Chlorthalidone: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Cilostazol: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with platelet inhibitors is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Ciprofloxacin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of verteporfin with other photosensitizing agents, such as ciprofloxacin, may increase the potential for skin photosensitivity reactions.
Clevidipine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcium channel blockers is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use with calcium channel blockers could enhance the rate of verteporfin uptake by the vascular endothelium, resulting in enhanced photosensitivity.
Clindamycin; Adapalene; Benzoyl Peroxide: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with adapalene is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like adapalene may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction. (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with benzoyl peroxide is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like benzoyl peroxide may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Clomipramine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with tricyclic antidepressants is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like antidepressants may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Clopidogrel: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with platelet inhibitors is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Cobimetinib: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with cobimetinib is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like cobimetinib may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Cod Liver Oil: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with retinoids is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like retinoids may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Codeine; Phenylephrine; Promethazine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with phenothiazines is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like phenothiazines may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Codeine; Promethazine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with phenothiazines is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like phenothiazines may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Dabigatran: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with anticoagulants is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease clotting could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Dalteparin: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with anticoagulants is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease clotting could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Dantrolene: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with dantrolene is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like dantrolene may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Demeclocycline: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with tetracyclines is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like tetracyclines may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Desipramine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with tricyclic antidepressants is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like antidepressants may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Diclofenac: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Diclofenac; Misoprostol: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Diflunisal: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Diltiazem: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcium channel blockers is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use with calcium channel blockers could enhance the rate of verteporfin uptake by the vascular endothelium, resulting in enhanced photosensitivity.
Dimethyl Sulfoxide, DMSO: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with dimethyl sulfoxide is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy. Once activated, highly reactive, short-lived singlet oxygen and reactive oxygen radicals are generated. Concomitant use of drugs that quench active oxygen species or scavenge radicals, such as dimethyl sulfoxide, would be expected to decrease verteporfin activity.
Diphenhydramine; Ibuprofen: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Diphenhydramine; Naproxen: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Dipyridamole: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with platelet inhibitors is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Doxepin: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with tricyclic antidepressants is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like antidepressants may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Doxycycline: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with tetracyclines is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like tetracyclines may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Edoxaban: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with anticoagulants is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease clotting could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Enalapril; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Enoxaparin: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with anticoagulants is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease clotting could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Eprosartan; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Eptifibatide: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with platelet inhibitors is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Eravacycline: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with eravacycline is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like eravacycline may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Etodolac: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Felodipine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcium channel blockers is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use with calcium channel blockers could enhance the rate of verteporfin uptake by the vascular endothelium, resulting in enhanced photosensitivity.
Fenoprofen: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Flucytosine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with flucytosine is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like flucytosine may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Fluphenazine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with phenothiazines is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like phenothiazines may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Flurbiprofen: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Fondaparinux: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with anticoagulants is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease clotting could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Fosinopril; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Furosemide: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with furosemide is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like furosemide may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Gemifloxacin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of verteporfin with other photosensitizing agents, such as gemifloxacin, may increase the potential for skin photosensitivity reactions.
Glimepiride: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with sulfonylureas is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like sulfonylureas may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Glipizide: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with sulfonylureas is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like sulfonylureas may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Glipizide; Metformin: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with sulfonylureas is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like sulfonylureas may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Glyburide: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with sulfonylureas is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like sulfonylureas may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Glyburide; Metformin: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with sulfonylureas is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like sulfonylureas may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Griseofulvin: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with griseofulvin is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like griseofulvin may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Heparin: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with anticoagulants is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease clotting could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Moexipril: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Hydrocodone; Ibuprofen: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Hyoscyamine; Methenamine; Methylene Blue; Phenyl Salicylate; Sodium Biphosphate: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with methylene blue is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like methylene blue may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Ibuprofen: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Ibuprofen; Famotidine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Ibuprofen; Oxycodone: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Ibuprofen; Pseudoephedrine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Imatinib: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with imatinib is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like imatinib may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Imipramine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with tricyclic antidepressants is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like antidepressants may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Indomethacin: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Irbesartan; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Isotretinoin: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with retinoids is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like retinoids may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Isradipine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcium channel blockers is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use with calcium channel blockers could enhance the rate of verteporfin uptake by the vascular endothelium, resulting in enhanced photosensitivity.
Ketoconazole: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with ketoconazole foam is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like ketoconazole foam may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Ketoprofen: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Ketorolac: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Levamlodipine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcium channel blockers is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use with calcium channel blockers could enhance the rate of verteporfin uptake by the vascular endothelium, resulting in enhanced photosensitivity.
Levofloxacin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of verteporfin with other photosensitizing agents, such as levofloxacin, may increase the potential for skin photosensitivity reactions.
Lisinopril; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Losartan; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Mafenide: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with sulfonamides is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like sulfonamides may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Mannitol: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with mannitol is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy. Once activated, highly reactive, short-lived singlet oxygen and reactive oxygen radicals are generated. Concomitant use of drugs that quench active oxygen species or scavenge radicals, such as mannitol, would be expected to decrease verteporfin activity.
Maprotiline: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with maprotiline is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like maprotiline may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Meclofenamate Sodium: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Mefenamic Acid: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Meloxicam: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Mercaptopurine, 6-MP: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with mercaptopurine is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like mercaptopurine may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Mesalamine, 5-ASA: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with mesalamine is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like mesalamine may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Methenamine; Sodium Acid Phosphate; Methylene Blue; Hyoscyamine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with methylene blue is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like methylene blue may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Methotrexate: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with methotrexate is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like methotrexate may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Methoxsalen: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with methoxsalen is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like methoxsalen may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Methylene Blue: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with methylene blue is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like methylene blue may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Metolazone: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Metoprolol; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Minocycline: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with tetracyclines is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like tetracyclines may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Moxifloxacin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of verteporfin with other photosensitizing agents, such as moxifloxacin, may increase the potential for skin photosensitivity reactions.
Nabumetone: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Naproxen: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Naproxen; Esomeprazole: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Naproxen; Pseudoephedrine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Nicardipine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcium channel blockers is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use with calcium channel blockers could enhance the rate of verteporfin uptake by the vascular endothelium, resulting in enhanced photosensitivity.
NIFEdipine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcium channel blockers is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use with calcium channel blockers could enhance the rate of verteporfin uptake by the vascular endothelium, resulting in enhanced photosensitivity.
Nimodipine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcium channel blockers is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use with calcium channel blockers could enhance the rate of verteporfin uptake by the vascular endothelium, resulting in enhanced photosensitivity.
Nisoldipine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcium channel blockers is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use with calcium channel blockers could enhance the rate of verteporfin uptake by the vascular endothelium, resulting in enhanced photosensitivity.
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Nortriptyline: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with tricyclic antidepressants is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like antidepressants may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Ofloxacin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of verteporfin with other photosensitizing agents, such as ofloxacin, may increase the potential for skin photosensitivity reactions.
Olmesartan; Amlodipine; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcium channel blockers is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use with calcium channel blockers could enhance the rate of verteporfin uptake by the vascular endothelium, resulting in enhanced photosensitivity. (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Olmesartan; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Omadacycline: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with tetracyclines is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like tetracyclines may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Oxaprozin: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Pentosan: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with anticoagulants is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease clotting could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Perindopril; Amlodipine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcium channel blockers is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use with calcium channel blockers could enhance the rate of verteporfin uptake by the vascular endothelium, resulting in enhanced photosensitivity.
Perphenazine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with phenothiazines is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like phenothiazines may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Perphenazine; Amitriptyline: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with phenothiazines is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like phenothiazines may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction. (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with tricyclic antidepressants is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like antidepressants may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Phenothiazines: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with phenothiazines is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like phenothiazines may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Photosensitizing agents (topical): (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin and topical photosensitizing agents is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Pioglitazone; Glimepiride: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with sulfonylureas is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like sulfonylureas may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Pirfenidone: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with pirfenidone is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like pirfenidone may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Piroxicam: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Platelet Inhibitors: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with platelet inhibitors is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Polymyxin B: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with polymyxin B is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use with polymyxin B could enhance the rate of verteporfin uptake by the vascular endothelium, resulting in enhanced photosensitivity.
Prasugrel: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with platelet inhibitors is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Prochlorperazine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with phenothiazines is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like phenothiazines may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Promethazine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with phenothiazines is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like phenothiazines may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Promethazine; Dextromethorphan: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with phenothiazines is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like phenothiazines may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Promethazine; Phenylephrine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with phenothiazines is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like phenothiazines may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Protriptyline: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with tricyclic antidepressants is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like antidepressants may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Quinapril; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Reteplase, r-PA: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thrombolytic agents is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease clotting like thrombolytic agents could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Retinoids: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with retinoids is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like retinoids may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Rivaroxaban: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with anticoagulants is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease clotting could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Rucaparib: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with rucaparib is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like rucaparib may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Sarecycline: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with tetracyclines is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like tetracyclines may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Spironolactone; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
St. John's Wort, Hypericum perforatum: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with St. Johns Wort is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like St. Johns Wort may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Sulfadiazine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with sulfonamides is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like sulfonamides may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Sulfamethoxazole; Trimethoprim, SMX-TMP, Cotrimoxazole: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with sulfonamides is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like sulfonamides may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Sulfasalazine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with sulfonamides is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like sulfonamides may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Sulfonamides: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with sulfonamides is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like sulfonamides may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Sulfonylureas: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with sulfonylureas is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like sulfonylureas may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Sulindac: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Sumatriptan; Naproxen: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Telmisartan; Amlodipine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcium channel blockers is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use with calcium channel blockers could enhance the rate of verteporfin uptake by the vascular endothelium, resulting in enhanced photosensitivity.
Telmisartan; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Tenecteplase: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thrombolytic agents is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease clotting like thrombolytic agents could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Tetracycline: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with tetracyclines is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like tetracyclines may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Tetracyclines: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with tetracyclines is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like tetracyclines may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Thiazide diuretics: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Thioridazine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with phenothiazines is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like phenothiazines may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Thrombolytic Agents: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thrombolytic agents is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease clotting like thrombolytic agents could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Ticagrelor: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with platelet inhibitors is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Tirofiban: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with platelet inhibitors is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Tolmetin: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Oxaprozin may additionally worsen photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Trandolapril; Verapamil: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcium channel blockers is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use with calcium channel blockers could enhance the rate of verteporfin uptake by the vascular endothelium, resulting in enhanced photosensitivity.
Tretinoin, ATRA: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with retinoids is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like retinoids may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Tretinoin; Benzoyl Peroxide: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with benzoyl peroxide is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like benzoyl peroxide may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Triamterene; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Tricyclic antidepressants: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with tricyclic antidepressants is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like antidepressants may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Trifarotene: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with trifarotene is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like trifarotene may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Trifluoperazine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with phenothiazines is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like phenothiazines may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Trimipramine: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with tricyclic antidepressants is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like antidepressants may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Valsartan; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with thiazide diuretics is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like thiazide diuretics may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Vandetanib: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with vandetanib is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like vandetanib may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Vemurafenib: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with vemurafenib is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like vemurafenib may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Verapamil: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with calcium channel blockers is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use with calcium channel blockers could enhance the rate of verteporfin uptake by the vascular endothelium, resulting in enhanced photosensitivity.
Vitamin A: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with retinoids is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like retinoids may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Vorapaxar: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with platelet inhibitors is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease platelet aggregation could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Voriconazole: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with voriconazole is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like voriconazole may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Warfarin: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with anticoagulants is necessary due to the risk of decreased verteporfin efficacy. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug. Once activated, local damage to neovascular endothelium results in a release of procoagulant and vasoactive factors resulting in platelet aggregation, fibrin clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Concomitant use of drugs that decrease clotting could decrease the efficacy of verteporfin therapy.
Ziprasidone: (Moderate) Use caution if coadministration of verteporfin with ziprasidone is necessary due to the risk of increased photosensitivity. Verteporfin is a light-activated drug used in photodynamic therapy; all patients treated with verteporfin will be photosensitive. Concomitant use of other photosensitizing agents like ziprasidone may increase the risk of a photosensitivity reaction.
Verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT) causes local damage to the neovascular endothelium and produces vessel occlusion. Verteporfin is transported thru the blood stream by low-density lipoproteins (LDL). The verteporfin-LDL complex is taken up by endothelial cells of the abnormal choroidal blood vessels, which exhibit high levels of LDL-receptors. Verteporfin is then activated by a red laser light (689 nm wavelength); verteporfin has no effect on tissues until it is activated by light. Following light activation of verteporfin, the excited verteporfin molecule initiates the generation of toxic oxygen radicals and chain reactions that damage endothelium. Spin electrion transfer from verteporfin to oxygen generates the oxygen free radicals. Subsequent radical reactions can form superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. These free radicals cause cytotoxic effects by damaging plasma and intracellular membranes. Damage to the treated cells is noted within hours of PDT treatment. A necrotic reaction and associated inflammatory responses evolve over several days. Cessation of normal cellular movement and formation of multiple membrane blebs characterize cell damage. Blebs are balloon-like protrusions from the cell membrane and indicate severe membrane damage. After bleb formation, the cell no longer divides and dies. Mitochondrial damage after PDT includes inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation and electron transport enzymes, and reduction in cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels. Damaged neovascular endothelium releases procoagulant and vasoactive factors, such as platelet activating factor and thromboxane A2, that lead to thrombosis and vascular occlusion, resulting in platelet aggregation, clot formation, and vasoconstriction. Ultimately, verteporfin PDT leads to the destruction of new blood vessels in the area of choroidal neovascularization.
Verteporfin is administered intravenously. Verteporfin has an elimination half-life of 5-6 hours. Verteporfin is only metabolized to a small extent by liver and plasma esterases. Liver oxidative enzyme systems, including the cytochrome P-450 system do not appear to play a role in the metabolism of verteporfin. Verteporfin is eliminated in the feces.
-Special Populations
Hepatic Impairment
In a study of patients with mild hepatic dysfunction, the AUC and Cmax of verteporfin were not significantly different from the control group; however, the half-life was increased by about 20%.