Sincalide is a synthetically prepared cholecystopancreatic-gastrointestinal hormone peptide for parenteral administration. Structurally, it is an eight chain peptide of the C-terminal of cholecystokinin. Activities include gallbladder contraction, sphincter of Oddi relaxation, hepatic bile secretion, pancreatic secretion stimulation, and intestinal smooth muscle stimulation. Sincalide has been studied in the treatment and prevention of parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (PNAC), predominantly in children. A clinical trial in 243 neonates did not find a significant difference in conjugated bilirubin levels between patients treated with sincalide and those in the control group; use in this patient population is not recommended. Sincalide is FDA-approved to stimulate gallbladder contraction in order to assess hepatobiliary system function by various methods of diagnostic imaging or by analyzing the composition of a duodenal aspirate of concentrated bile. This diagnostic aid may be especially useful in patients who have fasted for longer than 24 hours or who are on total parental nutrition as the gallbladder may not naturally fill with tracer. Alternative agents for hepatobiliary dysfunction diagnosis include administration of a fatty meal and morphine. Sincalide, in conjunction with secretin, is also FDA-approved to assess pancreatic function through stimulation of pancreatic secretions; assessment of function is accomplished by analyzing pancreatic secretions obtained by duodenal aspiration. Finally, secretin is FDA-approved for accelerating the transit of a barium meal through the small bowel, thereby decreasing the time and extent of radiation exposure associated with fluoroscopy and x-ray examination of the intestinal tract. Originally approved by the FDA in 1976, a reformulation with improved purity and stability obtained FDA approval in 2005.
General Administration Information
For storage information, see the specific product information within the How Supplied section.
Route-Specific Administration
Injectable Administration
-Visually inspect parenteral products for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration whenever solution and container permit.
Intravenous Administration
Reconstitution:
-Add 5 mL of Sterile Water for Injection aseptically to vial.
-Storage: Reconstituted sincalide injection may be kept at room temperature; use within 8 hours of reconstitution. Discard any unused portion.
Direct IV injection:
-Inject IV over 30 to 60 seconds. Rapid injection may result in contraction of the neck of the gallbladder and thus delay gallbladder expulsion. The Society of Nuclear Medicine recommends administering sincalide over 3 to 5 minutes to prevent biliary spasm and gastrointestinal adverse events.
-For barium meal small bowel transit acceleration: Administer sincalide after the barium meal has passed the proximal jejunum.
Intermittent IV infusion:
-For gallbladder contraction: To reduce side effects, may dilute sincalide dose in 100 mL of Sodium Chloride Injection. Administer at rate of 2 mL/minute IV.
-For pancreatic secretion stimulation: Dilute sincalide dose to 30 mL with Sodium Chloride Injection. Begin sincalide 30 minutes after the start of the secretin infusion, which is given over 60 minutes. Administer sincalide at a rate of 1 mL/minute IV.
-For barium meal small bowel transit acceleration: To reduce side effects, may dilute sincalide dose to approximately 100 mL with Sodium Chloride Injection. Administer over 30 minutes IV and after the barium meal has passed the proximal jejunum.
-Storage: Sodium Chloride Injection dilutions may be kept at room temperature; use within 1 hour of dilution.
The most frequent adverse reactions (20% or more) associated with sincalide are gastrointestinal, including abdominal pain or discomfort and nausea. Additional GI adverse reactions reported with sincalide include abdominal cramping, vomiting, fecal urgency, and diarrhea. In a trial involving 50 patients, moderate nausea and abdominal discomfort that abated within 1 to 2 minutes and 2 to 5 minutes, respectively, were reported. To reduce gastrointestinal adverse reactions, consider administering sincalide as an intravenous infusion.
Neurological reactions experienced by recipients of sincalide include seizures and headache. Generally self-limiting vasovagal reactions including dizziness, loss of consciousness, and syncope have also been reported with sincalide.
Cardiovascular adverse reactions reported with sincalide include flushing and hypertension.
Sneezing has been reported with sincalide use.
During postmarketing use, anaphylaxis, anaphylactic shock, and other serious hypersensitivity reactions have been reported during and within 1 hour after administration of sincalide. These reactions include hypotension, throat irritation (tightness), bradycardia, dyspnea, nausea, abdominal cramping, diaphoresis, hives, rash, pruritus, and numbness of the face, lips, and eye. Observe patients closely during and after the sincalide infusion. If a hypersensitivity reaction develops, immediately discontinue the infusion and initiate appropriate medical treatment. Do not reinitiate sincalide to patients who have experienced symptoms of hypersensitivity. Generally self-limiting vasovagal reactions including diaphoresis and hypotension have also been reported with sincalide.
Response to sincalide is known to be inherently variable; as such, test results should only be interpreted, and subsequent diagnosis made, by a qualified health care professional. Gallbladder ejection fraction and visualization of the gallbladder may be adversely affected by patient condition, including, but not limited to, timing of last meal, total parental nutrition supplementation, critical illness resulting in immobilization, severe hepatic disease, biliary obstruction, bilirubin level >= 5 mg/dl, concurrent medications (see Drug Interactions), congential malformations, and prior biliary sphincterotomy or other gastrointestinal surgery. Conduct thorough patient histories and review physical, laboratory, and radiographic findings prior to testing; adhere to established protocols for the specific procedure to be undertaken. Use of an extemporaneously compounded sincalide may result in unreliable test results.
Sincalide is contraindicated in persons with a history of sincalide or sulfite hypersensitivity. Sincalide contains sodium metabisulfite and may cause allergic reactions including anaphylactic symptoms and life-threatening or less severe asthmatic episodes in susceptible persons. Sulfite hypersensitivity occurs more frequently in persons with asthma compared to those without asthma. The overall prevalence of sulfite hypersensitivity in the general population is unknown and likely low.
As sincalide is known to stimulate intestinal motility, use is contraindicated in patients with GI obstruction. Careful screening of patients should be undertaken prior to sincalide use, especially in those with symptoms of or known risk factors for GI obstruction.
In patients with cholelithiasis or gallstones, stimulation of gallbladder contraction could lead to the evacuation of small stones from the gallbladder, resulting in cystic duct or common bile duct obstruction. The risk of such an event is considered to be minimal because sincalide, when given as directed, does not ordinarily cause complete contraction of the gallbladder.
As a result of sincalide activity, use may aggravate pre-existing pancreatitis or symptoms of pre-existing inflammatory bowel disease.
Infusion-related reactions (e.g., nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain or cramping, dizziness, and flushing) have been associated with administration of sincalide as an intravenous injection. To reduce the risk of adverse reactions, consider administering sincalide as an intravenous infusion.
Available data with sincalide use in pregnancy are insufficient to establish a drug-associated risk of adverse developmental outcomes. Based on limited human data and its mechanism of action, sincalide may cause preterm labor or spontaneous abortion. In animal embryofetal development studies, no effects were seen at doses comparable to the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) on a mg/kg basis when sincalide was administered to hamsters and rats during organogenesis. However, in a prenatal development study in rats given sincalide during organogenesis through parturition, decreased weight gain and developmental delays were observed at a dose 122-times higher than the MRHD based on body surface area.
There are no data on the presence of sincalide in human or animal milk, the effects on the breast-fed infant, or the effects on milk production. Consider the developmental and health benefits of breast-feeding along with the mother's clinical need for sincalide and any potential adverse effects on the breast-fed infant from sincalide or the underlying maternal condition.
For pancreatic secretion stimulation in combination with secretin to aid in exocrine pancreatic dysfunction diagnosis prior to obtaining a duodenal aspirate for analysis of enzyme activity, composition, and cytology:
Intravenous dosage:
Adults: 0.02 mcg/kg IV as a single dose. Start sincalide 30 minutes after the start of the secretin infusion.
For gallbladder contraction stimulation to aid in hepatobiliary system dysfunction diagnosis:
NOTE: When sincalide is used for cholecystography, roentgenograms are usually taken at 5-minute intervals after the injection. For visualization of the cystic duct, it may be necessary to take roentgenograms at 1-minute intervals during the first 5 minutes after injection.
Intravenous dosage:
Adults: 0.02 mcg/kg IV; after 15 minutes, if gallbladder contraction is unsatisfactory, a second dose of 0.04 mcg/kg IV may be administered. Alternatively, 0.12 mcg/kg IV infusion may be given to reduce intestinal side effects.
For minimizing radiation exposure in patients undergoing fluoroscopic and radiographic examination of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract with the administration of a barium meal:
Intravenous dosage:
Adults: 0.04 mcg/kg IV; after 30 minutes, if the transit of the barium meal is unsatisfactory, may repeat dose. Alternatively, 0.12 mcg/kg IV infusion may be given to reduce intestinal side effects.
Maximum Dosage Limits:
-Adults
Maximum dosage limits are not available.
-Elderly
Maximum dosage limits are not available.
-Adolescents
Safety and efficacy have not been established.
-Children
Safety and efficacy have not been established.
Patients with Hepatic Impairment Dosing
The serum half-life of sincalide is prolonged in patients with hepatic cirrhosis (see Pharmacokinetics); however the clinical significance, if any, of these findings is unknown. Specific guidelines for dosage adjustments in hepatic impairment are not available; it appears that no dosage adjustments are needed.
Patients with Renal Impairment Dosing
The serum half-life of sincalide is prolonged in patients with renal impairment (see Pharmacokinetics); however the clinical significance, if any, of these findings is unknown. Specific guidelines for dosage adjustments in renal impairment are not available; it appears that no dosage adjustments are needed.
*non-FDA-approved indication
Acetaminophen; Aspirin; Diphenhydramine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Pyrilamine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine : (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Doxylamine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Acetaminophen; Diphenhydramine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Acetaminophen; Pamabrom; Pyrilamine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Acrivastine; Pseudoephedrine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Alprazolam: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by benzodiazepines. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Amlodipine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by calcium-channel blockers. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Amlodipine; Atorvastatin: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by calcium-channel blockers. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Amlodipine; Benazepril: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by calcium-channel blockers. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Amlodipine; Celecoxib: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by calcium-channel blockers. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Amlodipine; Olmesartan: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by calcium-channel blockers. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Amlodipine; Valsartan: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by calcium-channel blockers. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Amlodipine; Valsartan; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by calcium-channel blockers. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Anticholinergics: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Atropine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Atropine; Difenoxin: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Belladonna; Opium: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Benzodiazepines: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by benzodiazepines. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Benzoic Acid; Hyoscyamine; Methenamine; Methylene Blue; Phenyl Salicylate: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Benztropine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Bethanechol: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by bethanechol. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Brompheniramine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Brompheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Brompheniramine; Phenylephrine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Brompheniramine; Pseudoephedrine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Brompheniramine; Pseudoephedrine; Dextromethorphan: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Budesonide; Glycopyrrolate; Formoterol: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Calcium-channel blockers: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by calcium-channel blockers. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Carbinoxamine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Cetirizine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Cetirizine; Pseudoephedrine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Chlophedianol; Dexbrompheniramine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Chlophedianol; Dexchlorpheniramine; Pseudoephedrine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Chlorcyclizine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Chlordiazepoxide: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by benzodiazepines. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Chlordiazepoxide; Amitriptyline: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by benzodiazepines. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Chlordiazepoxide; Clidinium: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results. (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by benzodiazepines. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Chlorpheniramine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Chlorpheniramine; Codeine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Chlorpheniramine; Hydrocodone: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Chlorpheniramine; Ibuprofen; Pseudoephedrine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Chlorpheniramine; Pseudoephedrine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Clemastine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Clevidipine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by calcium-channel blockers. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Clonazepam: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by benzodiazepines. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Clorazepate: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by benzodiazepines. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Cyproheptadine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Desloratadine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Desloratadine; Pseudoephedrine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Desogestrel; Ethinyl Estradiol: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent oral contraceptives. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Dexbrompheniramine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Dexbrompheniramine; Pseudoephedrine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Dexchlorpheniramine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Dexchlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Dextromethorphan; Diphenhydramine; Phenylephrine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Diazepam: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by benzodiazepines. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Dicyclomine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Diltiazem: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by calcium-channel blockers. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Dimenhydrinate: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Diphenhydramine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Diphenhydramine; Ibuprofen: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Diphenhydramine; Naproxen: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Diphenhydramine; Phenylephrine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Diphenoxylate; Atropine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Doxylamine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Doxylamine; Pyridoxine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Drospirenone; Ethinyl Estradiol: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent oral contraceptives. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Drospirenone; Ethinyl Estradiol; Levomefolate: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent oral contraceptives. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Erythromycin: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by erythromycin. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Estazolam: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by benzodiazepines. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Estradiol; Progesterone: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent progesterone. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Ethinyl Estradiol; Norelgestromin: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent oral contraceptives. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Ethinyl Estradiol; Norethindrone Acetate: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent oral contraceptives. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Ethinyl Estradiol; Norgestrel: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent oral contraceptives. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Ethynodiol Diacetate; Ethinyl Estradiol: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent oral contraceptives. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Etonogestrel; Ethinyl Estradiol: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent oral contraceptives. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Felodipine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by calcium-channel blockers. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Fexofenadine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Fexofenadine; Pseudoephedrine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Flavoxate: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Flurazepam: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by benzodiazepines. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Food: (Moderate) Consumption of food, especially food with high fatty content, results in the release of endogenous cholecystokinin. Sincalide is a synthetic C-terminal octapeptide of cholecystokinin used in diagnostic imaging of the gallbladder and biliary system. False positives (non-visualization) may result if the gallbladder has been emptied by ingestion of food prior to imaging. Advise patients of the appropriate fasting time, usually at least 2 to 4 hours or overnight.
Glycopyrrolate: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Glycopyrrolate; Formoterol: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Homatropine; Hydrocodone: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Hydralazine; Isosorbide Dinitrate, ISDN: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent nitrates. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Hydroxyzine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Hyoscyamine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Hyoscyamine; Methenamine; Methylene Blue; Phenyl Salicylate; Sodium Biphosphate: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Indacaterol; Glycopyrrolate: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Indomethacin: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by indomethacin. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Isosorbide Dinitrate, ISDN: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent nitrates. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Isosorbide Mononitrate: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent nitrates. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Isradipine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by calcium-channel blockers. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Levamlodipine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by calcium-channel blockers. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Levocetirizine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Levonorgestrel; Ethinyl Estradiol: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent oral contraceptives. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Levonorgestrel; Ethinyl Estradiol; Ferrous Bisglycinate: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent oral contraceptives. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Levonorgestrel; Ethinyl Estradiol; Ferrous Fumarate: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent oral contraceptives. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Loratadine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Loratadine; Pseudoephedrine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Lorazepam: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by benzodiazepines. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Meclizine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Methenamine; Sodium Acid Phosphate; Methylene Blue; Hyoscyamine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Methscopolamine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Midazolam: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by benzodiazepines. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Morphine: (Moderate) As morphine may cause constriction of the sphincter of Oddi, a direct counteraction to sincalide, concomitant therapy is usually not advisable. However, morphine augmentation may be desirable in place of delayed imaging in cases when acute cholecystitis is suspected. Withhold opioids for 4 hours prior to radiographic study of the hepatobiliary system with sincalide.
Morphine; Naltrexone: (Moderate) As morphine may cause constriction of the sphincter of Oddi, a direct counteraction to sincalide, concomitant therapy is usually not advisable. However, morphine augmentation may be desirable in place of delayed imaging in cases when acute cholecystitis is suspected. Withhold opioids for 4 hours prior to radiographic study of the hepatobiliary system with sincalide.
Neostigmine; Glycopyrrolate: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Nicardipine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by calcium-channel blockers. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
NIFEdipine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by calcium-channel blockers. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Nimodipine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by calcium-channel blockers. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Nisoldipine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by calcium-channel blockers. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Nitrates: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent nitrates. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Nitroglycerin: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent nitrates. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Norethindrone Acetate; Ethinyl Estradiol; Ferrous fumarate: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent oral contraceptives. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Norethindrone; Ethinyl Estradiol: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent oral contraceptives. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Norethindrone; Ethinyl Estradiol; Ferrous fumarate: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent oral contraceptives. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Norgestimate; Ethinyl Estradiol: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent oral contraceptives. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Octreotide: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent octreotide. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Olmesartan; Amlodipine; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by calcium-channel blockers. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Oxazepam: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by benzodiazepines. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Oxybutynin: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Perindopril; Amlodipine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by calcium-channel blockers. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Phenobarbital; Hyoscyamine; Atropine; Scopolamine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Phentolamine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent phentolamine. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Progesterone: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent progesterone. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Propantheline: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Pseudoephedrine; Triprolidine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Quazepam: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by benzodiazepines. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Remimazolam: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by benzodiazepines. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Scopolamine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Secretin: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent secretin. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Sedating H1-blockers: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Segesterone Acetate; Ethinyl Estradiol: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent oral contraceptives. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Telmisartan; Amlodipine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by calcium-channel blockers. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Temazepam: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by benzodiazepines. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Theophylline, Aminophylline: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent aminophylline. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results. (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent theophylline. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Trandolapril; Verapamil: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by calcium-channel blockers. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Triazolam: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by benzodiazepines. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Trihexyphenidyl: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by anticholinergics. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Triprolidine: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by concurrent medications, including H1-blockers. False study results are possible; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of procedure results.
Verapamil: (Moderate) Sincalide-induced gallbladder ejection fraction may be affected by calcium-channel blockers. False study results are possible in patients with drug-induced hyper- or hypo-responsiveness; thorough patient history is important in the interpretation of results.
Sincalide is a synthetically prepared C-terminal octapeptide of cholecystokinin, an endogenous cholecystotopancreatic-gastrointestinal hormone that is released from the duodenal mucosa in response to fat and amino acid ingestion. Endogenous cholecystokinin is known to stimulate gallbladder contraction, relax the sphincter of Oddi, inhibit gastric emptying, and increase intestinal motility ; impacts on other systems are not fully elicited. At therapeutic doses, sincalide causes reversible pharmacological effects on the gallbladder, pancreas, and intestinal smooth muscle similar to those of endogenous cholecystokinin.
When injected, sincalide produces gallbladder contraction thereby resulting in a substantial reduction in gallbladder size. The evacuation of bile that results is similar to that which occurs physiologically in response to endogenous cholecystokinin. The intravenous bolus administration of sincalide causes a prompt contraction of the gallbladder that becomes maximal in 5 to 15 minutes, as compared with the stimulus of a fatty meal, which causes a progressive contraction that becomes maximal after approximately 40 minutes. As such, sincalide provides a prompt and predictable action for duodenal aspiration of concentrated bile for analysis, and in hepatobiliary imaging, for the study of gallbladder and biliary system function. Generally, a 40 percent reduction in radiographic area of the gallbladder is considered satisfactory contraction, although some patients will show area reduction of 60 to 70 percent.
Like endogenous cholecystokinin, sincalide stimulates pancreatic secretion; concurrent administration with secretin increases both the volume of pancreatic secretion and the output of bicarbonate and enzymes by the gland. This combined effect of secretin and sincalide permits the assessment of specific pancreatic function through duodenal aspirate measurement and analysis of composition.
Sincalide stimulates smooth muscle which increases intestinal motility, and may cause pyloric contraction, which retards gastric emptying. Correctly timed sincalide administration following the ingestion of a barium meal will accelerate the transit of the contrast agent through the small bowel, thereby decreasing the time and extent of radiation associated with fluoroscopy and x-ray examination of the intestinal tract.
Sincalide is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. Pharmacokinetic studies have not been undertaken by the manufacturer; however, data from a study conducted in rats indicate that sincalide is widely distributed in the body and concentrates in the liver, pancreas, pyloric sections of the stomach, intestines, and thyroid following administration. Sincalide is not found in the lung tissue, nor does it penetrate the blood-brain barrier. The serum half-life, as calculated from 8 healthy volunteers, is 1.30 +/- 0.07 minutes; both renal and hepatic elimination pathways are thought to exist in humans.
-Route-Specific Pharmacokinetics
Intravenous Route
Maximal gallbladder contraction occurs at 5 to 15 minutes post intravenous bolus administration of sincalide.
-Special Populations
Hepatic Impairment
The serum half-life of sincalide is prolonged to 2.45 +/- 0.07 minutes in patients with hepatic cirrhosis (n=8; p< 0.01) compared with 1.30 +/- 0.07 minutes in healthy controls (n=8). The clinical significance, if any, of these findings is unknown as sincalide is used as a diagnostic aid and not therapeutically.
Renal Impairment
The serum half-life of sincalide is prolonged to 1.70 +/- 0.11 minutes in patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis (n=8; p=0.05) compared with 1.30 +/- 0.07 minutes in healthy controls (n=8). The clinical significance, if any, of these findings is unknown as sincalide is used as a diagnostic aid and not therapeutically.